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| Registros recuperados: 181 | |
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| Heral, Maurice; Rothschild, Brian J .; Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| The historical landings of the oyster production are described for the Maryland part of the Chesapeake Bay. The different trends are analysed concurently with the main events and management strategies which occured on the bay. Three main periods are identified : - the greatest fishery from 1840 to 1890 with a large overfishing and the destruction of the oyster habitat caused by the oyster gears, - the decrease and stable landings from 1900 to 1980 due to the failure of the reseeding plan connected to the heavy sedimentation and the anoxic summer conditions, - the large decrease of the production (1981-1988) caused by high mortalities related to diseases (MSX and Perkinsus marinus) prédation and management practices. Alternative strategies for restoration... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/acte-2393.pdf |
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| Rothschild, Bj; Ault, Js; Goulletquer, Philippe; Heral, Maurice. |
| The oyster population in the Maryland portion ot Chesapeake Bay, USA, has declined by more than 50-Iold since the early part of this century. The paper presents evidence that the mechanical destruction of habitat and stock over fishing have been important factors in the decline, even thouqh it is commonly thought that 'water quality' and, more recently, oyster diseases are critical. Quantitative analyses show that the long-term decline 01 oysters largely resuIts from habitat loss associated with intense fishing pressure early in this century and stock over fishing from early in the century throuqh recent limes. Furthermore, the major ecological effects on Chesapeake Bay occurred weIl betore World War II, before industrialization and the reported prevalence... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: OYSTERS; POPULATION DYNAMICS; OVERFISHING. |
| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3080.pdf |
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| Le Moine, Olivier; Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| Since 1988, seasonal, chronic mortality (up to 30-40 %) has been occurring at oyster farms in the Marennes-Oléron Bay, namely at the Ronce and Perquis sand flats. The particular geographic position on the southern part of the bay, between the Seudre River and the Maumusson Strait, confers a relative specificity to these oyster farming areas. Production in this area is on the order of 8,000 to 10,000 t of the 30,000 t of oysters produced annually in the Bay. Although limited in surface area (180 ha out of a total of 4,500 ha), this high proportion of production can be attributed to the fact that this zone is mostly dedicated to the finishing process before commercialisation. Due to its economic importance, oyster farming is vital for local businesses. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3249.pdf |
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| Copp, Gordon H.; Vilizzi, Lorenzo; Tidbury, Hannah; Stebbing, Paul D.; Trakan, Ali Serham; Miossec, Laurence; Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| Electronic decision-support tools are now an essential component of government strate gies to battle non-native species, with taxon-specific, paper-based risk analysis schemes often being replaced by taxon-generic tools. This study reports on the development of a decision-support tool for aquatic species, the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS-ISK), which replaces five taxon-specific toolkits for amphibians, freshwater and marine fish and invertebrates (FISK, MFISK, FI-ISK, MI-ISK, Amph-ISK). Adapted from Pheloung et al.’s. Weed Risk Assessment (WRA), the “-ISK” toolkits were also “self-automated workbooks” in Excel® VisualBasic® architecture of the ’WRA. In creating AS-ISK, we incorporated the conceptual approach (questions and guidance) of... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Risk analusis; Marine; Brackish; FISK; Ruditapes philippinarum. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00357/46770/46638.pdf |
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| Heral, Maurice; Goulletquer, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Ravail, Brigitte; Maestrini, Serge. |
| Different sampling strategies have been tested for estimation of phytoplanktonic biomasses in a bay submitted to estuarine conditions and high velocity of currents. Daily variations showed that for a precision of 5% of the daily mean, it is necessary to sample with a 1 hour and a half time scale. Systematic sampling appears to be more preceise than the random sampling. A sampling during 35 days at low tide and at high tide, during the phytoplanktonic bloom, showed the large variability between the days. A precision of 30% of the mean biomass of the month is obtained with a 8 days time scale. Comparison between tidal cycle sampling (10% of precision) with a punctual sample in the middle of the day did not show large differences. As the main variability is... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Phytoplanktonic biomasses; Estimation. |
| Ano: 1988 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/acte-2877.pdf |
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| Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| Since 1984, experiments have been carried out on clam Ruditapes philippinarum foreshore culture, with a one year pond pre-growth. Culture conditions are now well-known: population level with a tide coefficient of around 70 to 80, sediment of silty or fine grain size, sediment stability over the culture period-between the end of April and November. This culture possibility gives way to a diversification of production in the shellfish culture basin of Marennes-Oléron and can be used as an alternative to oyster overexploitation. Clam densities (2 kg/m²) are five times lower than oyster and the Ruditapes philippinarum filtration rate is 20% lower than that of Crassostrea gigas. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Culture en claire; Culture sur estran; Ruditapes philippinarum. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/rapport-3842.PDF |
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| Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| The study of foreshore clam culture with three immersion levels (40, 50, 70) has demonstrated a backlog in clam growth on the highest level, as well as a reproduction backlog and a weakened physical state during winter for populations unimmersed with a tide coefficient of 40-50. But the available areas for these cultures (areas that have not been allocated to oyster or mussel culture) are those unimmersed with those tide coefficients. Thus, it is not advised to extend the surfaces granted in the Marennes-Oléron basin, but on the contrary to use those granted to oyster culture but which are not exploited. This solution was the one accepted for the 1985 experimental seedings conducted over a 3 000 m² area on the Isles of Ré and Oléron and in Marennes, on... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Mortalité; Biomasse; Croissance pondérale; Croissance linéaire; Estran; Elevage; Palourdes. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/rapport-3839.PDF |
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| Goulletquer, Philippe; Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice. |
| Following the development of net protection techniques (1980), Japanese clam Ruditapes philippinarum farms develop in the ponds of Charente-Maritime. The county production for 1984 is about 100 tonnes, for a turnover of 4.5 Million Francs. To this day, farmers cultivating clams in ponds over a full cycle get better growth results during the first year. The size of 24 mm is obtained with a density of 200 individuals per square metre. However, due to the type of water input in ponds and to the limited primary production developing in the latter, it appears that biomasses in farms during the second year should not be greater than 0.5 to 1 kg per m² (30 to 50 clams per m²). Thus, the development of clam culture in marsh areas comes to a halt, as farmers are... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Mortalité; Biomasse; Croissance pondérale; Croissance linéaire; Biométrie; Elevage; Ruditapes philippinarum; Palourdes. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/rapport-3840.PDF |
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| Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| Les premiers essais de culture de palourdes japonaises sur estran en Charente-Maritime ont été réalisés en 1984 : le suivi de croissance de 3 populations de palourdes Ruditapes philippinarum pour 1984-1985, permet de mieux préciser l'optimum des conditions d'élevage que l'on peut envisager dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Du fait du ralentissement de croissance en période estivale, entraînant un retard au niveau de la reproduction et un état physiologique relativement affaibli à l'entrée de l'hiver, qui conditionne les mortalités hivernales, il apparaît d'ores et déjà aléatoire d'entreprendre des élevages à des coefficients de marée inférieurs à 50. En effet, comme pour les populations d'huîtres (Héral et al., 1983), un amaigrissement hivernal prolongé... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00390/50178/50799.pdf |
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| Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe; Goraguer, Herle; Poitevin, Pierre; Robert, Stephane; Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| In 2013, the project ‘Assessment of the renewable rate of the seawater masses in the Miquelon ‘Grand Etang’ ‘ focused essentially on (1) building a data set originating from all partners (e.g., DTAM, IGN), (2) preliminary sampling of current patterns so as to facilitate the 2014 field sampling strategy. Besides this approach, a census of aerial pictures dated from 1950, 1990 and 2005 were studied to assess the temporal trends of this geographic sector. The field work to be carried out in 2014 are: 1) Bathymetry: data acquisition in the ‘Grand Etang’ in the area presently used for mussel long lines culture to obtain a comprehensive data set, transversal profiles at the strait level at the near vicinity of the current pattern measuring station. 2) Current... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Courantométrie; Bathymétrie; Saint Pierre & Miquelon; Current meters; Bathymetry; Saint Pierre & Miquelon. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00175/28581/26975.pdf |
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| Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Cochennec, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan; Geairon, Philippe. |
| A population of Pacific ovsters, Crassostrea gigas, infected with a Chlamydia-like procaryote was reared to compare infection trends under three different feeding conditions: a starved condition, an intermediate condition with a diet of Skeletonema costatllm, and a mixed algal diet. Several physiological and pathological criteriJ: presence of gill abnormality; microscopic examination, basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions, Feulgen reaction; condition index, filtration, food consumptiQn; fecal production and respiration were used to compare the various modalities one month after the initiation of the experiment. The Irodality of starved oysters showed reduce physiological performances in terms of scope for growth and condition index compared to oysters... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Pathogen; Chlamydia; Procaryote; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Ecophysiology; Pathogène; Chlamydia; Procaryote; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Ecophysiologie. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-2741.pdf |
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| Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| The study of maturation and spawning of the oyster is part of a research program to investigate the summer mortalities of the oysters, Crassostrea gigas in Marennes-Oléron Bay. Four maturity stages were simultaneously obtained by diet and thermal conditioning (immature, low maturation, mature and post-spawning stages). Measurements of clearance, filtration, absorption and respiration rates allowed a calculation of the scope for growth and hence an estimation of the oyster's energetic budget at various maturity stages. Male and female oysters had similar physiological responses. The filtration rate ranged from 2.4 to 2.6 1.h(-1) at the early stages of maturation and decreased to 1.8 1.h.' during the maturity stage. Growth rate resulting from gonad... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Conditionnement; Maturation; Filtration; Absorption; Respiration; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Conditioning; Maturation; Filtration; Absorption and respiration rates. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/publication-3090.pdf |
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| Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe. |
| The study of sexual maturation and spawning in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is part of a vast research programme that endeavours to understand the causes of mortality that occur sporadically during the spring and summer seasons in the Marennes-Oléron Bay. Thermal and diet conditioning were used to obtain oysters at each stage of maturity simultaneously. Using the measured rates of clearance, consumption, absorption and respiration provided estimates of growth potential and gave the energetic budget of oysters at different stages of sexual maturity. Physiological responses were similar for males and females. Filtration decreased from 2.4 to 2.6 l.h (-1) to 1.8 l.h (-1) with increasing maturity. Weight gain was associated with gonad development and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Ponte; Maturation; Crassostrea gigas; Ecophysiologie. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3251.pdf |
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| Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice; Goulletquer, Philippe; Forget, Maïté; Bougrier, Serge; Razet, Daniel. |
| The project of cultivation of oyster has been designed to evaluate the growth rate, the mortality, the reproductive effort, production and biochemical composition of the oyster function of the density and the depth. This plan was intended: - to build model of growth rate, - to demonstrate the action of the different parameters on growth rate (temperature, food effect...), - to evaluate the density effect to see if the available food could be a limiting factor, - to estimate the effect of the depth joined to the impact of the high turbidity near the bot tom, - to detect the mortality related to the prevalence of diseases. The project began in July 1989 by dredging 20 000 small oysters at the mouth of the Patuxent River near Cove Point. Three experimental... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Physiology; Seasonal variation; Biochemical composition; Density; Crassostrea virginica; Cheseapeake Bay. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00200/31104/29503.pdf |
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| Goulletquer, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Garnier, Jacqueline; Taillade, Sylvie; Heral, Maurice; Peyre, R; Faivre, C. |
| Etant donné que la production de mollusques (palourdes ou huîtres) est limitée à 0,8 kg à 1 kg au m2 soit 40 à 50 palourdes adultes de 20 g au m2, il est intéressant d'essayer de forcer cette production en augmentant la production primaire qui est le facteur limitant de la production de palourdes. Cette production primaire dépend des apports en sels nutritifs en effet les travaux antérieurs de Zanette (1979), de Zanette et Garnier (1980), de Robert (1984) ont mis en évidence que les biomasses phytoplanctoniques ne peuvent dépasser un certain seuil à cause de l'épuisement progressif en sels nutritifs. Robert et al. (1984) ont mis en évidence, dans les claires de la Baie de Bourgneuf que l'azote est le premier facteur limitant de la croissance... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00389/50053/50641.pdf |
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| Goulletquer, Philippe; Lagarde, Franck. |
| Le bassin de Marennes-Oléron est le premier site ostréicole européen. Depuis 1988 des mortalités chroniques apparaissent sur les élevages conchylicoles. En 1996, un programme de suivi de mortalité et des paramètres environnementaux a été développé. Les différentes conclusions retenues au cours des années antérieures font état de brusques variations de température suspectées dans l'apparition de ces mortalités. Une approche écophysiologique des huîtres par l'intermédiaire de la mesure de respiration a permis de déterminer l'effet significatif d'un stress thermique (∆T=28°C). La maturité sexuelle apparaît également comme un facteur prépondérant dans la demande métabolique. A l'issue de cette étude, il apparaît que les huîtres matures et de surcroît stressées... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Ecophysiologie; Physiologie; Huître creuse; Bassin de Marennes-Oléron. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00076/18761/16332.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 181 | |
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